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    • 专利摘要:
    FRACTURING AND GRAVEL PACKAGING TOOL WITH ANTI-FRACTION CHARACTERISTICS. The present invention relates to a fracturing and gravel packaging tool that has characteristics that prevent rubbing well when the tool is selected with respect to a fixed insulation conditioner. An upper or multi-action valve allows switching between the compression and circulation positions without the risk of closing the pressure ball valve in the orifice at the bottom. The pressure ball valve in the orifice at the bottom bottom can only be closed with multiple movements in the opposite direction that occur after a predetermined force is maintained for a finite time to allow the movement that sets the pressure ball valve in the orifice at the bottom bottom . The multi-action circulation valve can prevent loss of fluid for formation when it is fixed downwards with the supported crossing tool or on the device below the alternative set and the multi-action circulation valve is closed without the risk of closing the valve of washing tube.
    公开号:BR112012004785B1
    申请号:R112012004785-0
    申请日:2010-08-25
    公开日:2021-01-19
    发明作者:Jeffery D. Kitzman；Jeffry S. Edwards；Nicholas J. Clem；Martin P. Coronado
    申请人:Baker Hughes Incorporated；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Field of the Invention
    [0001] The present invention relates to gravel conditioning and fracturing tools used to treat formations and to deposit the gravel outside the screens for improved production flow through the screens. Background of the Invention
    [0002] Completions, whether in an open or coated hole, may involve the isolation of the production zone or zones and install a set of screens suspended by an insulation conditioner. As the inner column typically has a crossing tool that is displaced with respect to the conditioner to allow the fracturing fluid pumped down the pipe column to enter the formation with no return path to the surface so that the treatment fluid can go into the formation and fracture it or otherwise treat it. This closure of the return path can be done at the intersection or on the surface while having the intersection in the circled position and just closing the annular space on the surface. The crossing tool can also be configured to allow the gravel suspension to be pumped under the pipeline to exit laterally below the fixed conditioner and to condition the annular space outside the screens. The carrier fluid can go through the screens and into a wash tube that is in fluid communication with the crossing tool so that the return fluid crosses through the conditioner into the upper annular space of the fixed conditioner.
    [0003] Typically, these assemblies have a flapper valve, ball valve, seat ball or other valve device in the wash tube to prevent fluid loss within the formation during certain operations such as reversing excess gravel from of the pipe column after the gravel packing operation is completed. Some schematic representations of known gravel packaging systems are shown schematically in USP 7.128.151 and in more functional detail in USP 6.702.020. Other characteristics of gravel conditioning systems are found in USP 6,230,801. Other patents and applications focus on the design of the crossing housing where there are problems of erosion from the suspension moving through doors and against the walls of the housing in the outward direction as shown in US orders 11 / 586,235 filed on October 25, 2006 and order 12 / 250,065 deposited on October 13, 2008. Locator tools that use fluid displacement as a time delay to reduce the force applied to a bottom orifice assembly prior to release to minimize a sling effect when in use release are disclosed in US publication 2006/0225878. Also relevant to time delays for ejecting spheres out of seats to reduce shock in formation is USP 6,079,496. Crossing tools that allow positive pressure to be placed in the formation above the hydrostatic are shown in US publication 2002/0195253. Other gravel packaging assemblies are found in USP 5,865,251; 6,053,246 and 5,609,204.
    [0004] These known systems have design features that are addressed in the present invention. One problem is rubbing well when selecting the inner column. Rubbing is the condition of reducing pressure in the formation when lifting a set of tools where other fluid cannot enter the open space upwards when the column is selected. As a result, the training experiences a drop in pressure. In the projects that used a flapper valve in the wash tube in the internal column, this happens all the time or in some of the time depending on the project. If the flapper valve has not been held open with a glove then any movement of the orifice above with the internal column while still sealed in the bore of the conditioner may rub the well. In designs that retained the sleeves for the flapper valve to be held in position by a shear pin, many systems had an adjustment of this shear pin low enough to be sure that the sleeve moved when it was necessary to move that it was often inadvertently sheared to release the flapper valve. From that point on a pickup in the inner column, the well can be scrubbed. Some of the catching distances were several feet so that the length of the rub was significant.
    [0005] The present invention provides an ability to move between compression, circulation and inversion modes using the conditioner as a frame of reference where movements between these positions do not engage the pressure control device in the low-bottom orifice or the valve of wash tube for operation. In essence, the wash tube valve is kept open and takes a pattern of deliberate steps to induce it to close. In essence, a force captured against a stop has to be applied for a finite time to move the fluid from a cavity of variable volume through an orifice. It is only after maintaining a predetermined force for a predetermined time that the flush tube valve assembly is armed allowing the clamps to come out of a hole. A pattern of passing through the hole in an opposite direction and then selecting to induce the clamps against the hole they just passed through in the opposite direction that induces the valve to close. Generally, the valve is armed directly before selecting the gravel and closed after selecting the gravel when pulling the assembly out to prevent fluid loss within the formation while reversing the gravel out.
    [0006] The extension doors can be closed with a sleeve that is initially locked open, but is unlocked by a displacement tool in the wash tube as it is being pulled up. The glove is then moved over the doors on the external extension and locked in position. This ensures that the gravel from the packaging does not return through the doors, and also restricts subsequent production from entering the production column only through the screens. To function in position, this same glove is used to prevent the flow out of the crossing doors so that a loose ball can be pressurized to fix the conditioner initially.
    [0007] The upper valve set that indexes outside the conditioner has the ability to allow reconfiguration after normal operations between compression and circulation while keeping the wash tube valve open. The upper valve assembly also has the ability to isolate the formation against fluid loss when it is closed and the crossover is in the reverse position when supported outside the device below the alternative assembly. An optional ball seat can be provided in the upper valve assembly so that acid can be released through the wash tube and around the loose initial ball to secure the conditioner so that as the wash tube is being lifted out from the well, the acid can be pumped into the formation adjacent to the screen sections as the bottom end of the wash tube moves after them.
    [0008] These and other advantages of the present invention will be more apparent to those skilled in the art from a study of the detailed description of the preferred modality and the associated drawings that appear below with the understanding that the appended claims define the literal and equivalent scope of the invention. Summary of the Invention
    [0009] A fracturing and gravel conditioning tool has characteristics that prevent the well from being rubbed when the tool is selected with respect to a fixed insulation conditioner. An over-flow or multi-action valve allows switching between the compression and flow positions without the risk of closing the wash tube valve. A measuring device allows a surface indication before the flush tube valve can be activated. The flush tube valve can only be closed with multiple movements in the opposite direction that occur after a predetermined force is maintained for a finite time to allow the movement that arms the flush tube valve. The multi-action circulation valve can prevent the loss of fluid for formation when closed and the crossing tool being located in the reverse position. A lockable sleeve initially blocks the gravel outlet ports to allow the conditioner to be fixed with a loose ball. The gravel exit doors are pulled out of the glove for later storage of the gravel. This glove is unlocked after packing the gravel with a displacement tool in the washing tube to close the gravel suspension exit doors and lock the glove in that position for production through the screens. The multi-action circulation valve can optionally be configured for a second ball seat that can displace a sleeve to allow acid to be pumped through the lower end of the wash tube and around the initial ball that has been discharged to fix the conditioner. This series of movements also blocks out the return path so that the acid has to go to the bottom of the wash tube. Brief Description of Drawings
    [00010] Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the system to show the largest components working in position; figure 2 is the view of figure 1 in the fixed position of the conditioner; figure 3 is the view of figure 2 in the compressed position; figure 4 is a view of figure 3 in the circulation position; figure 5 is a view of figure 4 in the measurement position which is also the inverted outward position; Figure 6 shows how to arm the wellhead valve so that a subsequent predetermined movement of the inner column can close the flushing valve; figure 7 is similar to figure 5, but the wash tube valve is closed and the internal assembly is in position to pull out of the orifice for the production column and the screens below that are not shown; figures 8a-j show the operation in the position of the set also shown in figure 1; figures 9a-b show the optional additional ball seat on the multi-action circulation valve before and after the ball falls to displace a ball seat to allow acidulation after packing the gravel out of the orifice; figures 10a-c are isometric views of the set of pressure ball valves in the orifice at the bottom bottom which is located near the lower end of the internal column; figures 11a-j show the tool in the compressed position of figure 3; figures 12a-j show the tool in the circulation position where the gravel can be deposited, for example; figures 13 a-j show the measurement position that the pressure ball valve can arm in the low-bottom orifice and then close; and figures 14a-j show the apparatus in the reverse position with the pressure ball valve in the low-bottom orifice open. Detailed Description of the Preferred Modality
    [00011] With reference to figure 1, a well hole 10 that can be a coated or open hole has in it a working column 12 that releases an outer frame 14 and an inner frame 16. At the top of the outer set is the conditioner insulation 18 which is not fixed to function in figure 1. A plurality of fixed doors 20 allows the gravel to exit the annular space 22 as shown in figure 4 in the circulation position. A tubular column 24 continues for a series of screens that are not shown at the lower ends of figures 1-7, but are of a type well known in the art. There may also be another conditioner below the screens to isolate the lower end of the zone to be produced or the zone in question may go to the bottom of the hole.
    [00012] The internal column 16 has a circulation valve of multiple passages and multiple actions or the set of valves with ports 26 which is located below the conditioner 18 for operation. Seals 28 are below the multi-action circulation valve 26 to seal within the conditioner bore to the compression and circulation position shown in figure 3. Seals 28 are also below the conditioner bore during operation to maintain pressure hydrostatic in the formation before, and after adjusting, the conditioner.
    [00013] The gravel outlet ports 30 are kept closed to work against sleeve 32 and seals 34 and 36. Measuring clamps 38 are shown initially in bore 40 while the device below alternative set 42 and the set of valves low-orifice pressure ball valves are supported below hole 40. Alternatively, the total set of clamps 38, the device below the alternate assembly 42 and the low-bottom orifice pressure ball valve set 44 may be outside hole 40 to function. Valve assembly 44 is locked open for operation. A ball seat 46 receives a ball 48, as shown in figure 2 to fit the conditioner 18.
    [00014] When the conditioner 18 is positioned in the appropriate place and is ready to be fixed, the ball 48 is pumped to the seat 46 with the doors 30 in the closed position, as previously described. The applied pressure moves the components into a known conditioner adjustment tool and conditioner 18 is now fixed in the position of figure 2. Arrows 48 represent the pressure being applied to the known conditioner adjustment tool (not shown) to obtain fixation conditioner 18.
    [00015] In figure 3, the column 12 is raised and the clamps 50 unload in the conditioner 18. With the weight fixed below in the column 12, the seals 52 and 54 in the multi-circulation valve isolate the upper annular space 56 from the annular space 22. The flow under column 12 represented by arrows 58 enters ports 30 and then ports 20 to obtain annular space 22 so that the gravel suspension represented by arrows 58 can fill the annular space 22 around the screens (not shown). The multi-action circulation valve 26 has a slit mechanism j which will be described below which allows the spring 12 to be selected and fixed downwards to obtain the seal 52 beyond the door in order to open a return flow path that is shown in figure 4. It should be noted that the selection of column 12 allows access to the annular space 22 at a time to prevent rubbing the formation by connecting it fluidly to the upper annular space 56. On the other hand, the downward adjustment of the column 12 while the clamps 50 rest in the conditioner 18 will close out the return path to the upper annular space 56 by virtue of the seal 52 returning to the position of figure 3. This is done with a slit mechanism j which will be described below. In the circulation mode of figure 4, the return flow through the screens (not shown) is shown by arrows 60. The positions in figures 3 and 4 can be obtained sequentially with a selection and fix the force down using the slit set already mentioned above.
    [00016] In figure 5, the column 12 is raised until the measuring clamps 38 have discharged against a shoulder 62. A push of a predetermined force for a predetermined time will move the fluid through an orifice and ultimately allow the clamps 38 collapse into or beyond hole 64 as shown in figure 6. Also, the selection for the position in figure 5 lets the device under alternative assembly 42 come out of hole 40 so that it can discharge into boss 66 for selective support. Selecting the device below the alternative assembly 42 outside of the shoulder 66 and then adjusting it down again will allow the device below the alternative assembly 42 to re-enter hole 40.
    [00017] Once the valve assembly 44 is pulled past hole 40 as shown in figure 6 and returned to hole 40 it is armed. When re-entering hole 40 then valve set 40 is closed. The valve assembly can re-enter bore 40 to move to the position of figure 7 to exit the orifice. It should be noted that inversion can be done in the positions of figure 5 or figure 7. To invert in the position of figure 5 it is required that the valve 44 be closed to prevent loss of fluid under the wash tube. The valve 44 having been closed can be reopened by moving it through the hole 40 and then discharging into the boss 66.
    [00018] Figures 8a-j represent the tool operating in position. The larger components will be described in an order from the top to the bottom to better explain how they operate. After that, additional details and optional features will be described followed by the sequential operation based on the discussion provided with figures 1-7. The working column 12 is shown in figure 8a as it is at the top of the adjustment tool of the conditioner 70 which is a known design. It creates relative movement by retaining the upper sub 72 and pushing down the adjustment sleeve of conditioner 74 with its own sleeve 76. The upper sub 72 is retained by the adjustment tool 70 using sleeve 78 which has flexible clamps at its lower end supported for adjustment by glove 80. After a pressure high enough to secure the conditioner 18 has been applied to passage 82 and ports 84, glove 80 is pushed upwards to undermine the fingers at the bottom end of glove 78 so that the upper sub 72 is released by the adjustment tool 70. The initial construction of the pressure in the passage 82 communicates through the ports 86 in figure 8a to move the adjustment sleeve 76 of the adjustment tool 70 downwards against the adjustment sleeve of the conditioner 74 to fix conditioner 18 by pushing out the sealing and slide assembly 88. It is important to note that in the preferred mode the conditioner adjustment tool fixes the conditioner in 2 7.58 MPa (4000 PSI) through port 86. The pressure is then released and a pull is released to the conditioner with the work column to make sure that the slips have been properly fixed. At that point, the pressure is applied again. Glove 80 will move when 34.47 MPa (5000 PSI) is applied.
    [00019] Continuing downward on the outside of conditioner 18 for figure 8e, there are gravel suspension outlets 20 also shown in figure 1 which are a series of holes in axial rows that can be the same size or progressively larger in one direction to the bottom of the well and can be cut at an angle to be oriented in a direction towards the bottom of the well. These openings 20 have a clear aim within the annular space 22 shown in figure 1. A person skilled in the art can understand that these axial rows of holes can be slits or windows of varying configuration in order to direct the suspension into the lower annular space 22 Continuing in figure 8d and below column 24, we proceed to the screens that are not shown.
    [00020] With reference now to figures 8b-d, the multi-action circulation valve 26 will now be described. The top of the multi-action circulation valve 26 is at 90 and rests on the upper sub 72 of the conditioner to function. The spring loaded clamps 50, shown extending in the compressed position of figure 3, are held against the upper mandrel 94 by a spring 92. The upper mandrel 94 extends downwardly from the upper end 90 to a slot assembly j of two positions 96. Slit assembly j 96 operatively connects the set of connected sleeves 98 and 100 to mandrel 94. Glove 100 ends at a lower end 102 in figure 8d. Supported by mandrel 94 is the sleeve with port 104 that has ports 106 through which the flow represented by arrows 60 in figure 4 will pass in circulation mode when seal 52 is raised above ports 106. Below ports 106 is an external seal 28 which, in operation in position, is below the lower end 110 of the upper sub 72 of the conditioner and seen in figure 8c. Note also that glove 100 moves within glove 112 which has doors 30 covered to operate by glove 114 and locked by clamp 116 in figure 8e. The doors 30 need to be covered so that after a ball falls on the seat 118 the passage 82 can be pressurized upwards to secure the conditioner 18.
    [00021] A flapper valve 120 is kept open by the sleeve 122 which is secured with pins at 124. When the ball (shown first in the corresponding figure 9) is discharged on the seat 118 and the pressure in the passage 82 is obstructed, the valve of the flapper it is allowed to close by spring action against the seat 126 so that the pressure peaks in the well hole that can blow the ball (not shown in the view) out of the seat 118 will be interrupted.
    [00022] Returning to figures 8a-b, when the pressure is based on the passage 82 it will go through the ports 128 and lift the glove 130. The lower end of the glove 130 serves as a rotary lock for the body of the conditioner or sub top 72 during operation so that if the screens get stuck during operation they can be rotated to be free. After the appropriate placement for conditioner 18 has been obtained, the rotating lock of item 130 is no longer needed and it is forced upwards for pressure release in passage 82 after the ball falls. The plunger 134 is then pushed down to secure the conditioner 18 and then the plunger 136 can move to prevent over-tensioning of the conditioner seal and slip assembly 88 during the adjustment process. This creates a "smooth release" so that the tweezers can come off the sub top of the conditioner. The adjustment tool 70 is now released from the upper sub 72 of the conditioner and the spring 12 can be manipulated.
    [00023] Returning to figures 8b-c, with the conditioner 18 fixed, the top 90 of the multi-action circulation valve 26 can be lifted by pulling upwards on the sleeves 98 and 100 to raise the chuck 94 after the shoulders 95 and 97 engage, which allows the lower inner column to be raised. Finally, the clamps 50 will loosen out at the location where the top end 90 is located in figure 8b. With mandrel 94 and anything hanging over it including glove 104, supported outside upper sub 72 of the pack, the set of connected gloves 98 and 100 can be manipulated up and down and together with the slot j 96 can come to rest in the two possible places after a selection and clamping force of a finite length. In one of the two positions of slot j 96, seal 52 will be below ports 106 as shown in figure 8c. In the other position of slot j 96, the seal 52 will move upwards, above the doors 106. In essence, the seal 52 is in the return flow path represented by the arrows 60 in figure 4 in the circulation mode that happens when the seal 52 is above the doors 106 and in the compressed position where the return path to the upper annular space 56 is closed as in figure 3 and in operation in the position of figure 8c.
    [00024] It should be noted that every time the set of gloves 98 and 100 is selected, seal 52 will rise above doors 106 and the formation will open to the upper annular space 56. This is significant in that it prevents the formation of rubbing as internal column 16 is selected. If there are seals around the inner column 16 when it is lifted for any purpose, raising the inner column 16 will reduce the pressure in the formation or cause rubbing that is detrimental to the formation. As mentioned before, the upward movement to operate the slit j 96 or the elevation of the internal column to the inverted position of figures 5 or 7 will not act on the valve 44 nor rub the formation. The components of the multi-action circulation valve are now described; however, there is an optional construction where the return path 137 shown above doors 106 in the different figure 8c. The purpose of this alternative embodiment is to allow the fluid to be pumped down the passage 82 as the inner column 16 is removed and to block the least resistant pathways so that the fluid pumped down from the passage 82 will go down to the bottom end of the inner column 16 in addition to the open valve 44 for the purpose of treatment from within the screens with acid as the lower end of the inner column 16 moves upwards from the formation towards the well.
    [00025] First, to gain additional perspective, it is important to note that return path 138 around flapper valve 120 in figure 8e starts below ports 30 and deviates from them as shown by the routes in hidden lines and then continues operating in position until it is closed off at seal 52 just below doors 106 in figure 8c. With reference now to figure 9a, the piece 112 'has been redesigned and the piece 140 is added to transpose between the pieces 100 that are inside the piece 140 at the top and the piece 112' that surrounds it at the bottom. Note that what is shown in figures 9a-b is well above the ball seat 118 which was used to secure the conditioner 18 and which is shown in figure 8e. Even with this optional design for the multi-action circulation valve 26, it must be determined that the ball 142 does not fall until after the gravel packaging and the inversion of the steps are done and the internal column 16 is ready to be pulled up. Note that the return path 138 'is still there, but now it passes through part 112' at doors 144 and 146 and channel 138 'outside part 140. Doors 150 are kept closed by seals 152 and 154. The doors 156 are bypassed from doors 150 and are insulated by seals 154 158. Ball 142 discharges over seal 160 held by clamp 162 to part 140. When ball 142 discharges over seat 160 and pressure develops to undermine the clamps 162 so that part 140 can move downwards to align ports 150 and 156 between seals 152 and 154 while insulating ports 144 from ports 146 with seal 164. Now the acid pumped down from passageway 82 does not it can go up through the return path 138 'because the seal 164 blocks it. It is good for the acid to go to the bottom of the well into the passage 138 'as for that time, after the gravel conditioning, the flow at the bottom of the well in the way 138' will simply go to the bottom of the internal column 16 as it is pushed out of the orifice, which is the intended purpose in any way to acidify as the inner column is pulled out of the orifice.
    [00026] With reference now to figures 8e-g, the inner column 16 continues with the top mandrel of the measuring device 166 which continues to the lower mandrel of the measuring device 168 in figure 8g. Measuring set 38 is shown in figures 1-7. It comprises a series of clamps 170 that have internal grooves 172 and 174 near opposite ends. Measurement sub 166 has humps 176 and 178 initially diverted to operate from grooves 172 and 174, but in the same space. Humps 176 and 178 define a series of grooves 180, 182 and 184. To function on clamps 170, they are radially retracted into grooves 180 and 182. When internal column 16 is selected, clamps 170 continue to move upwards without interference until it collides with boss 186 in figure 8d. Before that point is reached, however, the clamps 170 go into a hole larger than the one in the position of figure 8f and that is when spring 188 pushes the clamps 170 down with respect to the measurement sub 166 to retain the clamps 170 in the radially upward position over hump 176 and 178 before the stop stop boss 186 is engaged by the clamps 170. In order for the measurement sub to maintain the upward movement after the clamps 170 protrude outwards, it you have to bring the lower mandrel 168 with you, which requires reducing the volume of the chamber 190 which is loaded with oil, carrying the oil through the orifice 192 and the passage 194 to the chamber 196. The piston 198 is inclined by the spring 200 and allows the plunger 198 moves to compensate for the thermal effects. It takes time to do this and this serves as a superficial signal that, if the force is maintained on the internal column 16, that valve 44 will be armed as shown in figure 6. If the orifice 192 is plugged, a greater force can be applied from the that the one normally taken to move oil from chamber 190 and a spring loaded safety valve 202 will open passage 204 as an alternative route to chamber 196. When enough oil has been displaced, the inner column 16 moves enough to allow the opposite ends of the clamps 170 to enter into the grooves 182 and 184 to undermine the support for the clamps 170 while letting the inner column 16 advance upwards. The flush tube valve 44 is now expanded when emerging from hole 40. It will take time to lower it down through hole 40 below shoulder 210 to arm it and raise valve 44 back into hole 40 to close it.
    [00027] Pushing the measurement sub 166 upwards after the clamps 170 are mined, bring the clamps 257 (shown in figure 10c) over the valve assembly 44 completely through the narrow hole 40 that starts at 210 and ends at 212 in the figure 8g. Clamps 206 will need to return through hole 40 from 212 to 210 and then the inner column 16 will need to be selected to return clamps 257 back to hole 40 for valve 44 to close. The valve will close when the clamp 257 is extracted back into well 40.
    [00028] The device below the alternative assembly 42 has an array of flexible fingers 214 that has a raised section 216 with a lower discharge shoulder 218. There is already a slit 220 in two positions. In one position, when the shoulder 218 is supported, the slit j 220 allows the mandrel of the device below the lower reciprocating assembly 222 that is part of the inner column 16 to advance until the shoulder 224 engages the shoulder 226, the shoulder 226 of which is now supported because boss 218 found support. Coincidentally with the lugs 222 and 226 in engagement, hump 228 comes in alignment with the lug 218 to allow the device below the alternative assembly 42 to be held in the position outside the lug 218. This is shown in the measurement and inverse positions of the figures 5 and 7. However, the selection of the internal column 16 obtains the hump 228 above the shoulder 218 and the slot j 220 acts in two positions so that when the weight is fixed down again, the hump 228 will not rotate below the shoulder 218 to support it so that the set of clamps 214, 216 will simply collapse inward if the weight is fixed down on it and shoulder 218 engages a complementary surface such as 212 in figure 8g.
    [00029] With reference now to figures 8i-j and figures 10a-b, the operation of the valve set 44 will be studied. Figures 10 a-b show how the valve 44 is first rotated to close from the open position in operation and through several other steps shown in figures 1-7. The spring 230 stimulates the ball 232 within the open position of figure 8j. To close the ball 232, the spring 230 has to be compressed using a slot mechanism 234. The mechanism 234 comprises the sleeve 236 with the outer track 238. It has a triangularly lower end that comes to a plane 242. One Operator sleeve 244 has an upper end in triangular shape 246 that ends in a plane 248. Sleeve 244 is connected by links 246 and 248 to sphere 232 deviated from the rotational axis of sphere 232 with one of the connecting pins 250 to sphere 232, shown in figure 8j above sphere 232.
    [00030] The slot mechanism j 234 is actuated by engaging the shoulder 252 (see figure 10c) when pulling upwards into a reduced hole such as 40 or when going downwards with the weight fixed down and engaging the shoulder 254 with a reduced bore such as 40. Glove 256 defines spacer fingers spaced on the outside of which shoulders 252 and 256 are found. Figure 10c shows one of several openings 258 in glove 256 where the clamp member 206 is mounted (see also figure 8i). Pin 260 on clamp 206 rotates on track 238 of member 236 shown in figure 10a.
    [00031] Operation in the position shown in figure 1 begins with the triangular components 240 and 246 poorly aligned with the remaining 270 degrees of rotation required for the alignment and closing of the ball 232. The first selection of valve 44 in bore 40 advances the triangular components 240 and 246 for 180 degrees of misalignment. Unrestricted upward movement of the internal column 16 is possible to the measurement position in figure 5 where it is important to note that valve 44 remains collapsed in bore 40 until the measurement time has elapsed. Once measured through, the inner column 16 continues upwards allowing the clamp sleeve 256 of valve 44 to expand above hole 40. The downward movement of inner column 16 allows shoulder 254 to interact with hole 40 resulting in the advancement of triangular components 240 and 246 for a 90-degree misalignment position. At this point, typically the circulation position shown in figure 4 must be reached and the gravel pumped. At the end of the gravel pumping procedure, the internal column 16 will be pulled upwards. The valve 44 will enter the bore 40 to produce another rotation of 236 allowing the triangular components 240 and 246 to align and the ball 232 to be closed. To reiterate, each alternative interaction of the shoulder 252 and 254 with the respective shoulder of the hole 40 produces a 90 degree rotation of the slot of the j 236. The successive interactions of the same shoulder, either the shoulder 252 or the shoulder 254, entering and exiting of hole 40 without completely passing through do not produce an additional 90 degree rotation of the slot sleeve 236. Of course, ball 232 can be opened, after being closed as described above, by pushing shoulder 254 back down through hole 40 to obtain the planes 242 and 248 poorly aligned, during which time the spring 230 rotates the ball 232 back to the open position.
    [00032] When the inner column 16 is pulled out the sleeve 114 will be unlocked, moved and locked in its displaced position. Its internal diameter can then serve as a sealing hole for a subsequent production column (not shown). Referring to figure 8j, a series of displacement clamps 252 has a displacement shoulder 255 above the hole and a displacement shoulder 257 for the bottom of the well. When the internal column 16 comes from the hole above, the shoulder 255 will grab the shoulder 258 of the sleeve 260 shown in figure 8e and the sleeve 260 carrying out of the trapped clamp 116 thus releasing the sleeve 114 to move the hole up. The glove 260 will be carried upward by the inner column 16 until it hits the clamp finger 266 at which point the glove 114 moves in tandem with the inner column 16 until the clamp finger 266 engages the groove 268. At this point, the finger of clamp 266 deflects sufficiently to allow glove 250 to pass under clamp finger 266. Glove 260 stops when it contacts shoulder 262, locking glove 114 in place. Since glove 114 is attached to the glove with ports 20 whose top end 264 is not restricted and is free to move upwards, gloves 114 and 20 will move in tandem with glove 260 until the clamps 266 unload in slot 269 to allow sleeve 260 to go over clamps 266 and boss 255 to release from sleeve 260 as the inner column 16 exits the orifice. This locks the sleeve 114 in the closed position. At this time, the sleeve 114 will block the doors 20 from the annular space 22 so that the production column can go into the conditioner 18 to produce through the screens (not shown) and through the conditioner 18 to the surface. The movements described above can be reversed to open doors 20. To do this, the inner column 16 is lowered so that the shoulder 257 engages the shoulder 270 in the sleeve 260 to pull the sleeve 260 out of the clamps 266. The sleeve 114 and with it the glove with the doors 20 will be pushed down until the clamps 116 go into the groove 272 so that the glove 260 can go over them and the shoulder 257 can release from glove 260 leaving glove 114 locked in it position that it was to function as shown in figure 8e. Sleeve 114 is lockable at its opposite end positions.
    [00033] With reference now to figures 11a-h, the compressed position is shown. Comparing figure 11 to figure 8 it can be seen that there are several differences. As seen in Figure 11e, the ball 48 discharges onto the seat 118 by breaking the shear pin 124 as the displacement of the seat 118 allows the flapper valve 120 to close. The conditioner 18 is secured with pressure against the discharged ball 48. With the conditioner 18 attached, the working column 12 selects the inner column assembly 16 as shown in figure 11a so that the multi-action circulation valve 26 as shown in figure 11c now has its clamps 50 adjusting over the sub upper 72 of the conditioner where previously during operation on the top 90 of the multi-action circulation valve 26 it was fixed during operation as shown in figure 8b. With the weight fixed down on the inner assembly 16, the seal 52 is below the doors 106 so that a return path 138 is closed. This isolates the annular space 56 (see figure 3) from the screens (not shown) in the formation. As mentioned above, before slot j 96 allows alternate positioning of seal 52 below doors 106 to the compressed position and to assume the circulation position of seal 52 being above doors 106, at the fixed alternative and downward selection forces of the inner column 16. The position in figure 11d can be quickly obtained if there is loss of fluid within the formation so that the upper annular space 56 can be quickly closed. This can be done without having to operate the bottom orifice pressure ball valve 44, which means that subsequent movements from the orifice above that will not rub the formation as these movements from the orifice above are made with flow communication into the upper annular space 56 while the loss of fluid in the formation can be divided with in the multi-action circulation valve 26 being in the closed position adjusting downwards with the slot j 96 inside the inverse position.
    [00034] It should also be noted that the exit doors of the internal gravel 30 are now well above the sliding sleeve 114 which initially blocked them to allow the conditioner 18 to be fixed. This is shown in figures 11d-e. As shown in figure 3 and figure 11f, the measuring clamps 170 of the measuring device 38 are in the hole 40 as is the device below the alternative assembly 42 shown in figure 11i. The pressure ball valve in the low-bottom orifice 44 is below hole 40 and will remain there when moving between the compressed and circulating positions of figures 3 and 4.
    [00035] Figure 12 is similar to figure 11 with the main difference being that the slit j 96 places the gloves 98 and 100 in a different position after selecting and adjusting the weight on the inner column 16 so that the seal 52 is above doors 106 opening return path 138 through doors 106 to the upper annular space 56. This is shown in figures 12c-d. The established circulation path is below the internal column 16 through the passage 82 and outside the doors 30 and then the doors 20 to the external annular space 22 then going through the screens (not shown) and then back to the internal column 16 for the passage 138 and through ports 106 and into the upper annular space 56. It should also be noted that the compressed position of figure 11 can be returned to the circulation position from figure 12 to the circulation position simply by selecting the inner column 16 and adjusting it down again using the slit j 96 with the multi-action circulation valve 26 supported outside the upper sub 72 of the conditioner in the calipers 50. This is significant for several reasons. Firstly, the same discharge position on the upper sub 72 of the conditioner is used for opposing circulation and compression to pass the projects that required discharging in axially discreet locations for these two positions causing some doubt in deep wells whether the appropriate location was discharged by a location clamp. The switching between circulation and compression also poses no danger of closing the pressure ball valve in the bottom orifice 44 so that there is no risk of rubbing in the future selection of the internal column 16. In previous projects, the uncertainty of obtaining the correct locations, mainly for the reverse step in times, caused the inadvertent release of the wash tube valve to the closed position because the shear mechanism, keeping it open was normally fixed low enough that surface personnel could easily shear the even inadvertently. What then happened with past projects is that the subsequent selection of the internal column rubbed the well. Apart from this advantage, even when in the circulation configuration of figure 12 for the multi-action circulation valve 26, the compressed position of the multi-action circulation valve 26 can be quickly summarized to replace seal 52 with respect to ports 106 to prevent fluid losses, when in the reverse position, for formation with no risk of operating the pressure ball valve in the low-bottom orifice 44.
    [00036] It is important to note that when column 12 is selected, the multi-action circulation valve 26 continues to rest on sub 72 of the conditioner until shoulders 95 and 97 come into contact. It is during this initial movement that ledges 95 and 97 together that seal 52 moves ports 106 further. This is a very short distance, preferably under a few centimeters (inches). When this happens, the upper annular space 56 is in fluid communication with the lower annular space 22 before the internal column 16 selects the housing 134 of the multi-action circulation valve 26 and the equipment it supports including a measuring set 38, the device below the reciprocating assembly 42 and the set of pressure ball valves in the low-bottom orifice 44. This initial movement of the sleeves 98 and 100 without the housing 134 and the equipment that it supports moving at all is a characteristic of movement lost to expose the upper annular space 56 to the lower annular space 22 before the mass in the inner column 16 moves when the shoulders 95 and 97 engage. In essence, when the entire inner column assembly 16 begins to move, the upper annular space 56 is already in communication with the lower annular space 22 to prevent rubbing. Slit assembly j 96 and connected sleeves 98 and 100 are capable of being operated for switching between the compressed and circulation positions without lifting the internal column 16 below the multi-action circulation valve 26 and its housing 134. Thus, it is always easy to know which of these two positions the assembly is in while at the same time having a guarantee of opening up the upper annular space 56 before moving the lower portion of the inner column 16 and having another advantage of quickly closing the upper annular space 56 if there is a sudden loss of fluid to the lower annular space 22 for a maximum of a short selection and fix down if the multi-action circulation valve 26 was in the circulation position at the time of the loss of fluid. This should be in contrast to previous designs that inadvertently had to move the total internal column assembly to assume the compressed, circulating and inverse positions forcing the movement of several feet above a door to be brought into position to communicate the annular space upper to lower annular space and in the meantime the well can be rubbed during this long movement of the total internal column with respect to the bore of the conditioner.
    [00037] In figure 13, the internal column 16 was selected to obtain the exit doors of the gravel 30 out of the upper sub 72 of the conditioner as shown in figure 13e. The travel limit of the column 16 is reached when the measuring clamps 170 protrude out of the shoulder 186 as shown in figure 13f-g and obtain support from humps 176 and 178. At this time, the device below the alternative assembly 42 shown in the figure 13i is out of hole 40 so that when the weight is fixed down on the inner column 16 after obtaining to the position of figure 13 and as shown in figure 13i, the travel stop 224 will unload on the ledge 226 which will place the hump 228 behind of the shoulder 218 and will lock the shoulder 218 in the shoulder 219 on the outer column 24 supported by conditioner 18. As described above, the device below the alternative assembly 42 has a slit assembly j 220 shown in figure 13h that will allow it to collapse beyond the shoulder 219 simply by selecting off the shoulder 219 and adjusting down to the right again. By performing the measurement operation and displacing the hydraulic fluid sufficiently from the reservoir 190 shown in figure 13g, the pressure ball valve in the low-bottom orifice 44 is pulled through hole 40 which is now located below in figure 13j. Pulling valve 44 once through hole 40 renders its gap j 234 90 degrees, but the planes 242 and 248 in figures 10a-b are still offset. Going back all the way through hole 40 will result in another 90 degree rotation of slot j 234 with planes 242 and 248 still out of alignment and valve 44 is still open. However, by selecting the internal column 16 to obtain valve 44 through hole 40, a third time will align the planes 242 and 248 to close valve 44. Valve 44 can be reopened with a downward fixation through hole 40 sufficiently to deflect the planes 242 and 248, the spring 230 can thus feed the valve to open again.
    [00038] The only difference between figures 13 and 14 is in figure 13i compared to figure 14i. The difference is that in figure 14i the weight was fixed down after lifting high enough to obtain the clamps 170 above the shoulder 186 and adjusting down again without, however, the measurement, which means without lifting the valve 44 through the bore 40 all the way. Figure 14f shows the clamps 170 after adjusting downward and out of its stop shoulder 186. Figure 14i shows hump 228 supporting the shoulder 218 of the device below the alternative assembly 42 on the shoulder 219 of the outer column 24. Note also that doors 30 are above upper sub 72 of the conditioner. The internal column 16 is sealed in the upper sub 72 of the conditioner in the seal 28.
    [00039] Although the invention has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it is clear that many changes can be made in the details of the construction and in the arrangement of the components without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. It is understood that the invention is not limited to the exemplified modalities described in this document, but should be limited only by the scope of the appended claims, including the total equivalence range for which each element of them is entitled.
    权利要求:
    Claims (21)
    [0001]
    1. Well treatment method for compressing and conditioning gravel, characterized by comprising: operating in an external assembly (14) comprising a conditioner (18), an external column (24) supported by said conditioner and leading to at least one screen and further comprising at least one external outlet port (20) between said conditioner and said screen; support said outer assembly with an inner column assembly (16) to function where the inner column assembly is in turn supported on an operating column (12) and the inner column assembly comprises a crossover tool to selectively allow that the gravel passes through the internal column and out towards said external exit door of said external assembly with the return coming through said screen and said crossing tool to an upper annular space (56) defined above said conditioner and in around said operating column; adjusting said conditioner to isolate a zone in a well hole for said screen from said upper annular space and defining a lower annular space (22); define a compression position to force the fluid into the well bore through said lower annular space, a circulation position where the gravel is deposited in said lower annular space and return back through said screen and beyond said conditioner for said upper annular space and an inverse position where the gravel in said internal column above said intersection can be inverted outwards towards the surface, by the relative movement of at least a portion of said internal column with respect to said conditioner; providing a set of valves with ports (26) in said internal column so that, on each directional lifting movement of a portion of said valve assembly with ports, said upper annular space will be placed in communication with said lower annular space while a subsequent settlement, after said directional survey, can communicate the lower and upper annulars or isolate said lower and upper annulars.
    [0002]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: providing a movement characteristic with respect to a housing (134) of said set of valves with ports to delay lifting the balance of said internal column supported by said housing when said portion of said set of valves with ports is initially selected with said column in operation.
    [0003]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: providing said access between said upper and lower annular spaces through a housing of said set of valves with ports.
    [0004]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: preventing or minimizing rubbing in said lower annular space by communicating said upper annular space to said lower annular space first before moving the internal column assembly suspended from said set of valves with ports.
    [0005]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: defining said position of compression and circulation while a housing of said set of valves with ports is supported in one place.
    [0006]
    6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: switching between the compression and circulation positions while a housing of said set of valves with ports is supported in a location in said conditioner.
    [0007]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: releasing said internal column assembly from said external assembly after adjusting said conditioner; lifting said door valve assembly through said conditioner to extend at least one clamp (50) on said door valve assembly which will rest on said conditioner after the weight on the operating column is fixed below.
    [0008]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: providing a housing (134) for said valve assembly with ports that supports a portion of said internal column assembly that is substantially disposed within said external assembly; supporting a glove assembly within said housing with said column in operation; connect said glove and said housing for relative movement.
    [0009]
    Method according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises: supporting in the sealed mode an exterior of said housing in said conditioner while moving said glove assembly with respect to said housing; providing the seal of the glove assembly between said glove assembly and said housing which moves between the opposite sides of a door in said relative moving housing of said glove assembly.
    [0010]
    Method according to claim 9, characterized by comprising: defining said compression position when said glove mounting seal is well below said door in said housing; defining said circulation position when said glove seal assembly is orifice above said door in said housing.
    [0011]
    11. Method according to claim 10, characterized by comprising: using a slot j (96) between said glove assembly and said housing to predetermine the positions of said glove seal assembly on opposite sides of said housing door .
    [0012]
    Method according to claim 9, characterized by comprising: arranging said glove assembly seal in a fluid path located outside said glove assembly that leads to said upper annular space through said door in said housing; closing said fluid path when said glove mounting seal is below said housing door and opening said fluid path when said glove mounting seal is above said housing door.
    [0013]
    13. Method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: closing off said upper annular space of said lower annular space to prevent fluid loss by adjusting the weight downward on said operating column to move a portion of said valve assembly with ports with respect to the other portion of said set of valves with ports.
    [0014]
    Method according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises: continuing to support said exterior of said housing outside said conditioner while switching between said circulation and compression positions.
    [0015]
    Method according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises: switching between said compression and circulation positions with a selection and fixing the downward force of said column in operation to operate between two positions of said slot j.
    [0016]
    16. Method according to claim 8, characterized by comprising: providing the initially spaced shoulders (95, 97) of said glove assembly and said housing that are at a greater distance than the relative movement between the glove assembly and said housing necessary to switch between said compression and circulation positions; bringing said shoulders into contact to allow said column in operation to lift said set of total internal column in said inverse position.
    [0017]
    17. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that it comprises: finding said inverse position by carrying a selectively removable clamp on a shoulder in said external assembly; selecting and adjusting downwards with said column in operation to allow said selectively collapsible collet to disassemble to close said upper annular space from said lower annular space in the event of fluid loss using said set of valves with ports.
    [0018]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: providing a washing tube and a valve (44) at the lower end of said internal column assembly; configuring said wash tube valve so that it takes three movements with a change of direction for each move to make said wash tube valve close.
    [0019]
    19. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that it comprises: providing a time delay in said first of three movements as a surface signal that said wash tube valve is being armed to eventually close; moving said flushing tube valve fully through a contracted hole (40) in said outer assembly at least twice before said flushing tube valve closed in a third movement.
    [0020]
    20. Method, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: arranging said crossing initially in a sliding sleeve which is in a first position and located in said external assembly to allow adjusting said conditioner with internal pressure in said column in operation ; move with said column in operation the said sliding sleeve to a second position and with it the said exit door in said external assembly to block said exit door so that the production can come through said screen into a column of production extended in said conditioner after said internal column assembly is removed from said external assembly; selectively locking said sliding sleeve in said first and said second positions.
    [0021]
    21. The method of claim 12, comprising: providing a displacement seat (160) in said sleeve assembly with at least one side door initially closed by said displacement seat; dropping an object (142) onto said seat to allow it to move with pressure applied to said object to open said side doors; closing said fluid path independent of said glove assembly sealing position with respect to said housing port by virtue of displacing said seat; directing the treatment fluid through said internal column assembly when selecting said operating column to remove said internal column assembly, flowing through said side doors and below said passage to said screen.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2011028562A2|2011-03-10|
    WO2011028562A4|2011-07-14|
    US9175552B2|2015-11-03|
    WO2011028558A3|2011-05-19|
    BR112012004785A2|2020-08-11|
    NO20120160A1|2012-03-29|
    GB201209400D0|2012-07-11|
    GB2485702A|2012-05-23|
    WO2011028558A2|2011-03-10|
    US8528641B2|2013-09-10|
    GB2488469A|2012-08-29|
    US20110048723A1|2011-03-03|
    GB2488469B|2014-06-18|
    MY162118A|2017-05-31|
    AU2010289812A1|2012-03-01|
    US9133692B2|2015-09-15|
    GB2485702B|2013-05-08|
    WO2011028563A3|2011-05-26|
    SG178856A1|2012-04-27|
    AU2010289812B2|2014-09-04|
    US20110048705A1|2011-03-03|
    US20110048725A1|2011-03-03|
    WO2011028563A2|2011-03-10|
    WO2011028562A3|2011-05-26|
    GB201202467D0|2012-03-28|
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    法律状态:
    2020-08-18| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-01| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-01-19| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 10 (DEZ) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 19/01/2021, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US12/553,458|US8528641B2|2009-09-03|2009-09-03|Fracturing and gravel packing tool with anti-swabbing feature|
    US12/553,458|2009-09-03|
    PCT/US2010/046575|WO2011028558A2|2009-09-03|2010-08-25|Fracturing and gravel packing tool with anti-swabbing feature|
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